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Types of Anxiety Disorder Medication Medicines are a great option to manage anxiety symptoms. Psychiatrists are trained extensively in the use of medications and are able to make appropriate prescriptions that reduce the risk of side effects. Treatment for anxiety disorders is typically three-pronged, which includes psychotherapy, medication and exercise. SSRIs, the first treatment for anxiety can take several weeks to be effective. SSRIs SSRIs are the drugs of choice for most anxiety disorders. The most recent SSRIs have more favorable adverse effects than tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). There are a variety of SSRIs are FDA-approved for treating generalized anxiety disorder . These include fluoxetine (aka Prozac), paroxetine (aka Paxil) and sertraline (aka Zoloft), and citalopram (aka Celexa). These drugs increase serotonin levels in the brain. They can also aid in the increase of norepinephrine and BDNF. They can be taken on their own or in combination with psychotherapy. SSRIs may cause nausea and digestive issues, however these side effects usually subside as the body becomes accustomed to the medication. The precise mechanism behind how SSRIs are effective in treating anxiety isn't fully understood. It is believed that SSRIs inhibit serotonin reuptake in post-synaptic neurons and increase the amount of serotonin in the synaptic gaps. This increases the signaling across the synapses and reduces anxiety symptoms. SSRIs can help reduce anxiety and increase the frequency of panic attacks. They can also help with depression and other mental health disorders that often co-occur with anxiety disorders. They can be combined with psychotherapy or cognitive behavior therapy to enhance their effectiveness. Contrary to other classes of antidepressants, SSRIs don't appear to be addictive. However, it is crucial to follow your doctor's prescriptions exactly. If you suddenly stop taking your medication, it could cause “discontinuation” syndrome and anxiety symptoms to come back. If SSRIs are not working for you, your doctor might suggest a different antidepressant class, such as nefazodone, mirtazapine. These drugs may also be effective, however they are more prone to the risk of adverse effects than the more recent SSRIs. SSRIs may interact with certain foods, such as dairy products and eggs, red meat and some fruits and veggies. It is advised to avoid these foods if you're taking these medications. In addition it is generally advised to avoid drinking alcohol while taking SSRIs as it may increase the severity of some side effects. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines boost the calming effect of certain chemicals found in the brain and nervous system. They enhance the effects of the neurotransmitter gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), a substance that suppresses nerve activity. These drugs can be effective in treating insomnia, anxiety and other mental disorders. They can be addictive, and should be used only for a short time under medical supervision. Benzos are dangerous when taken recreationally, or when mixed with alcohol or other substances. It is not uncommon for medications to be the first thing people seek out when they're suffering from an anxiety disorder, but they're not the only treatment option. Psychotherapy or talk therapy is also proven to be an effective method to decrease anxiety symptoms. There are a variety of different psychotherapies that can help and improve your life, but the most well-known and effective is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). This kind of therapy teaches you to change your thinking and behavior to are less stressed. Alprazolam and chlordiazepoxide as well as diazep Clorazepate, lorazepam, and quazepam are the most common benzodiazepines. Each one has its own list of side effects although they all share similar properties in pharmacology. For instance, clorazepate can be more effective for treating seizures than other benzodiazepines, and lorazepam is more effective for treating anxiety disorders than quazepam. Benzodiazepines are extremely effective, but they should not be used for long periods of time because they can cause physical dependence and tolerance. Additionally, they could cause withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking them suddenly for a short period of time, such as sweating, a pounding heart and shaking. The symptoms can be uncomfortable and last for several weeks. However, they can be minimized if you taper off the medication slowly. Benzodiazepines can be very addictive and should be taken only for a short period of duration – typically not more than 4 weeks. You should be monitoring your heart rate, blood pressure and breathing closely during this period to ensure that you do not have an extreme reaction. Talk to your doctor in the event that you are thinking of taking a drug called benzodiazepine. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers are an type of medication that is used to treat anxiety symptoms. These drugs prevent adrenaline from binding with beta receptors in your nervous system. This stops the hormone from creating physical reactions, such as heart tremors or palpitations. These drugs are usually used to treat high blood pressure and other cardiovascular issues however, they can also be prescribed for off-label use in the case of anxiety. When you are feeling anxious your body releases a chemical known as Adrenaline. This chemical signals your body to prepare itself for fight or flight. Adrenaline binds to beta receptors in the brain and heart which causes your heart rate to increase and may cause other physical reactions. Beta-blockers are class medications that treat hypertension and other heart ailments. They block adrenaline's binding. This can help lower the heart rate and blood pressure. In contrast to SSRIs and benzodiazepines, which take a few weeks or months to make a noticeable difference in your symptoms, beta-blockers can be acted upon quickly. They are a good option for those who need immediate relief from anxiety-related symptoms. For instance, those who must give an address to the public or travel in an airplane. They are also a good alternative for people suffering from anxiety and chronic heart problems, such as atherosclerosis or congestive heart failure. While beta-blockers can be effective in reducing the physical symptoms of anxiety, they do not address the underlying cause of the disorder. As a result, they are typically used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that incorporates counseling and lifestyle modifications. They are useful for people who have tried anti-anxiety medication but found it to be ineffective or caused unacceptable side effects. There are many different kinds of beta-blockers, including propranolol and atenolol. Your doctor will decide the best one for you according to your medical history and your health. These medications can trigger side effects such as low blood pressure or fatigue. It is crucial to discuss your options with your physician. MAOIs In the 1950s, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are effective antidepressants for some anxiety and depression. They aren't as frequently utilized as SSRIs or other antidepressants due the strict dietary restrictions that are required and the potential for drug interactions. Some MAOIs come in tablet form and can be taken orally, whereas others (such Emsam) are applied as a transdermal skin patch. MAOIs block the actions of MAO and increase the amount of norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain. These neurotransmitters are involved in mood, sleep appetite, sexual function. MAOIs also have anti-anxiety effects. However, they are more likely to cause side effects than TCAs and SSRIs and carry warnings in boxes for suicide. In addition to the MAOIs listed below your doctor may prescribe additional treatments or medications to help you manage your symptoms. For instance, a beta blocker (such as propranolol) is frequently prescribed to alleviate physical symptoms of anxiety. Your doctor may suggest a relaxation method or other home remedies to alleviate your symptoms. panic anxiety disorder MAOI, Iproniazid, was discovered during tuberculosis research in 1952. It was quickly discovered that it could be a mood-enhancing drug and is considered the original antidepressant drug. Generally, MAOIs are only employed when other antidepressants fail to work, as they may cause serious adverse effects that require immediate medical attention. If you take an MAOI and consume foods containing tyramine, a substance in a variety of red meats, cheeses, shellfish, fish, and some nutritional supplements, it could trigger an adverse reaction that can result in high blood pressure. This serious reaction can result in an intense headache nausea, vomiting, and a rapid heartbeat. MAOIs may also interact with other medications and trigger severe adverse effects, including suicidal thoughts and behavior. Your doctor will discuss your diet needs with you prior to prescribing MAOIs. He or she will tell you to avoid eating foods that contain tyramine while you take the drug. They will also provide a list of food items that are safe to eat when taking MAOIs. This food guide will help to prevent MAOI-related adverse effects.